Visual Testing
Visual testing is one of the most used NDT methods, usually the first part of any inspection, due to its immediate evaluation. Once the visual testing is performed, it can be established which non-destructive method can be further used. Applications: The …
Penetrant Testing
This examination consists of applying a dye penetrant on the examined surface. After penetration time, the developer is applied. Due to the absorption properties of the developer is highlight the discontinuities open to the surface. Applications: …
Magneting Testing
Magnetic particle testing is indicated for detecting surface and its vicinity’s defects. The technique exploits a special feature of ferrous alloys – ferromagnetism; it is the ability to focus the magnetic field on an area in order to highlight …
Ultrasonic Testing – Pulse-Echo Method
The method is based on mechanical waves (ultrasound) generated by a piezo-magnetically excited element at a frequency typically in the range between 2 and 5 MHz. Control involves the transmission, reflection, absorption of ultrasonic propagated …
Ultrasonic Examination – Thickness measurement
Thickness measurements are an application of ultrasounds. The method has applicability on any steel product or any other homogeneous material whose structure allows longitudinal wave propagation with relatively constant speed and from which …
Computerized Radiography
Computed Radiography is the future regarding the penetrating radiation checks, completely covering the conventional radiography and providing answers in real time (getting images and interpreting them).It assumes capture, processing, display, …
Semi(automatic) Examination – PA-TOFD
Semi (automatic) examination with PA and TOFD is made using manual cart and automatic using Welld rover. Configuration can be: 1 PA Probe and one pair TOFD; 1 PA Probe and two pairs TOFD; 2 PA Probe and one pair TOFD; 2 PA Probe …
Ultrasonic Examination – Phased Array (PA)
The examination PA uses a single probe which contains multiple elements (16-128) to send ultrasonic angle beams through the test object. Each individual element can be pulsed to send where timed phase. This produces several beam angles, which …
Ultrasonic Examination – Time of Flight Diffraction (TOFD)
Time of flight diffraction is one of the most advanced techniques of ultrasound examination. The method is based on the phenomenon of diffraction of the ultrasonic waves that create virtual images of the discontinuities found in the examined …
Examination PA - Corrosion Mapping
PA technology – Corrosion Mapping was developed for checking and measuring corrosion in different subassemblies of the industry. This method consists of scanning large areas, resulting in a mapping of the entire surface in different colors …
Radiographic Testing
The method of penetrating radiation or radiographic examination consists of the penetrating radiation interaction with photosensitive films. It may be carried out with X-rays or gamma rays. Examination gamma radiation (gammagraphy) – consists …
Guided Waves
Guided waves are structure-borne ultrasonic waves that propagate along a structure confined and guided by its geometric boundaries. As shown in Figure 1, guided waves propagate along the pipe axis and are reflected from any local cross-sectional …
